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Abstract@#The present review aims to summarize update information regarding screening guidelines for depression in children and adolescents across the world, and to provide reference for school based adolescent depression screening in China. Globally, national guidelines or expert consensus on screening for depression in children and adolescents were collected and reviewed. Majority of these guidelines and expert consensus propose universal screening for depression among adolescents aged 12 to 18 years based on appropriate screening tools, which ensure the early detection, treatment and intervention of adolescent depression. However, there lacks sufficient evidence to support universal screening for children under 12 years of age, except for those with high risk for depression.
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Objective Comparatively few studies are reported on the invasion and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) TPC1 cells. This study was to investigate the effects of curcumin on the invasion and migration abilities of TPC1 cells and its possible action mechanisms.MethodsWe treated TPC1 single cell suspension with curcumin at the concentrations of 0 (DMSO solvent), 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L. At 24 and 48 hours after exposure, we examined the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the cells by CCK8 assays, detected the migration and invasion abilities of the TPC1 cells by Transwell and wound healing assay, and determined the gene and protein expressions Glut1 and MT1MMP by RTPCR and Western blot, respectively.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the cell viability among different groups of the TPC1 cells (P<0.05) as well as in the cell migration ability at 24 hours between any two groups of the cells treated with curcumin at 0 μmol/L (\[0.842±0.096\] mm), 10 μmol/L (\[0.911±0.049\] mm), 20 μmol/L (\[0.926±0.107\] mm) and 40 μmol/L (\[1.076±0.093\] mm) (P<0.05) and at 48 hours (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences were also observed between any two of the 0, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L groups in the number of migrated cells (196, 142, 57, and 17/100x visual field) (P<0.05) as well in the protein expression of Glut1 (0.786±0.112, 0.518±0.106, 0.359±0.121, and 0.266±0.087) (P<0.05) and the mRNA and protein expressions of MT1MMP (P<0.05).ConclusionCurcumin can inhibit the invasion and migration of thyroid papillary carcinoma TPC1 cells, which may be associated with the decreased expressions of Glut1 and MT1MMP.
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Objective To understand the correlation between the sleep duration and the dangerous self-injurious behaviors of junior school students in Shanghai.Methods By using systematic sampling methods, 21 junior schools were randomly selected from 17 districts in Shanghai.By using simple random sampling methods, 2 classes were randomly selected from each grade of students from each of the selected junior schools.By using the Survey Questionnaire for Health-related Behaviors of Teenagers in Shanghai(junior school students'edition), questionnaire surveys were performed to investigate the sleep duration and the related dangerous self-injurious behaviors of junior school students.Results A total of 6 414 students (of which male students occupied 49.1% and female students occupied 50.9%) were surveyed and the pass rate of questionnaires was 99.55%.The average age of the students surveyed was 13.28±1.84.21.1% of the students surveyed slept less than 7 hours every day, 69.6% thereof slept 7-8 hours every day and 9.3% thereof slept 9 hours or more every day.In the past 12 months, 47.2% of the students surveyed often felt lonely,71.3% thereof felt unhappy because of study stress or unsatisfactory school records and 9.3% thereof cancelled their daily activities for 2 weeks or more because of feeling sad and desperate.11.7% of the students surveyed conducted self-injurious behaviors, 11.9% thereof contemplated suicide, 6.9% thereof made plans for suicide.The sleep duration of the students surveyed was negatively correlated with the rate of psychological depression related to self-injuries as well as the self-injurious behaviors thereof.Conclusion Lack of sleep is common among junior school students in Shanghai, and sleep insufficiency is correlated with self-injurious psychology and behaviors.which suggests that it is very much necessary to provide junior school students with education that improves sleep.
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Objective To explore the relationship between central obesity and asthma of 7-to 9-year-old pupils, and to make clear the direction of research for the next stage.Methods By cluster sampling, 6 primary schools in Shanghai were randomly selected;the parents of all the Grade One and Grade Two pupils thereof were surveyed, and physical examinations were made for these pupils.Rates were compared using the chi-square test, and the numerous factors for the central obesity and asthma of school-age children were analyzed by using the logistic regression analysis model.Results The obesity rate of these pupils was 9.40%, the rate of central obesity thereof was 16.41%, and the rate of pupils who had suffered asthma was 4.37%.The body mass index (BMI) was used in the univariate analysis to assess the nutritional status of pupils.The difference in terms of the rate of asthma between the obesity group and the non-obesity group had no statistic significance.However, the assessment based on waist circumferences showed that excess waist circumferences were related to asthma.However, multivariate regression analyses showed that masculinity, aging, little weekend sleep, good appetite, having no preference for foods, big appetite and fast eating were the risk factors for central obesity.In the model, a history of asthma was an risk factor for central obesity.Conclusion Central obesity is related to asthma for 7-to 9-year-old pupils.It is necessary to continue the follow-up study for factors influencing obesity, and to probe into the relationship between obesity and asthma, thereby providing more evidences for public health practices.
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Objective: To investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in renal tissues of patients with hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN). Methods: Twenty HBV-GN specimens with complete nephrology data and 10 normal renal specimens were randomly chosen for the present study. Cell apoptosis was detected by means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the apoptotic index was calculated; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Results: The apoptotic index in HBV-GN group was obviously higher than that of the control group; the apoptotic cells were mainly distributed in the proximal and distal renal tubules and the collecting duct epithelial cells, seldom seen in the glomerular cells. The expression of Bcl-2 in HBV-GN patients was predominately present in the renal tubular epithelia cells (positive in the plasma, membrane and nuclear); the expression of Bax was found in both glomerular cells and renal tubular cells, mainly in tubular epithelial cells, seldom seen in Bowman's capsule or glomerular mesangial region. Conclusion: Apoptosis in the kidney of HBV-GN patients mainly occurs in the renal tubular epithelial cells; expression of Bax and Bcl-2 is mainly in the renal tubular epithelial cells, suggesting that the injury of tubular interstitial damage may be one of the important factors for the development of HBV-GN.
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Novel hydrophobic absorbents were synthesized by immobilizing butyl derivative onto the highly cross-linked agarose beads manufatured in China, which are used as matrix. The effect of the spacer arm length (3C, 8C and 10C) and ligand density (from 13 to 45 micromol/mL) on the hydrophobicity were investigated using purified Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expressed by CHO cell lines. Also considering the effects of salt concentration and pH on HBsAg recovery and purification factor, orthogonal experiment design method was used to evaluated the absorbents. The results showed the butyl-S absorbent with the spacer arm length of C8, the ligand density of 22 micromol/mL gel showed the best performance for the separation of HBsAg. Approximately 100% HBsAg recovery and 60 as purification fold were achieved by this media under the operating condition of pH 7.0 and 9% of salt concentrateion.
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Animals , Cricetinae , Adsorption , CHO Cells , Chromatography, Agarose , Methods , Cricetulus , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Recombinant ProteinsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of Xuesaitong soft capsule (XST) and its effect on platelet counts, coagulation factor 1 (CF1) as well as hemorrheologic indexes in treating patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and four patients with ACI were assigned into two groups, the control group (n = 96) and the treated group (n = 108). They were all treated with conventional Western medicines, including mannitol, troxerutin, citicoline, piracetam and aspirin, while to the treated group, XST was given additionally through oral intake, twice a day, 2 capsules each time for 8 successive weeks. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the nerve function deficits scoring and the changes of platelet count. CF1 and hemorrheological indexes were measured before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 87.0% in the treated group, and 87.5% in the control group, respectively, showing insignificant difference between them. But the markedly effective rate in the treated group (66.7%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (27.1%, P < 0.01). The count of platelet was not changed significantly in both groups after treatment, while CF1 in them evidently lowered at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks of treatment, but showed insignificant difference between the two groups. The hematocrit, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity in both groups were all improved significantly after treatment, but also showed insignificant difference in comparison of the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XST has good efficacy in auxiliary treatment of patients with ACI, though its mechanism remains to be further explored.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Disease , Aspirin , Blood Viscosity , Capsules , Cerebral Infarction , Drug Therapy , Cytidine Diphosphate Choline , Diuretics, Osmotic , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Hematocrit , Hemorheology , Mannitol , Nootropic Agents , Piracetam , Platelet Aggregation InhibitorsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in renal tissues of patients with hepatitis B virus- associated glomerulonephritis(HBV-GN).Methods:Twenty HBV-GN specimens with complete nephrology data and 10 normal renal specimens were randomly chosen for the present study.Cell apoptosis was detected by means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)and the apoptotic index was calculated;immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2.ResuLts:The apoptotic index in HBV-GN group was obviously higher than that of the control group;the apoptotic cells were mainly distributed in the proximal and distal renal tubules and the collecting duct epithelial cells,seldom seen in the glomerular cells.The expression of Bcl-2 in HBV-GN patients was predominately present in the renal tubular epithelia cells(positive in the plasma,membrane and nuclear);the expression of Bax was found in both glomerular cells and renal tubular cells,mainly in tubular epithelial cells,seldom seen in Bowman's capsule or glomerular mesangial region.Conclusion:Apoptosis in the kidney of HBV-GN patients mainly occurs in the renal tubular epithelial cells;expression of Bax and Bcl-2 is mainly in the renal tubular epithelial cells,suggesting that the injury of tubular interstitial damage may be one of the important factors for the development of HBV-GN.